![]() Your browser does not support the audio element. Listen to a recorded reading of this page:.Take a ten question quiz about this page. The Cold War would last for the next 45 years. The Cold War never escalated into full war due to the fear of what would happen to the world if many countries started dropping atomic bombs. These two alliances, NATO and the Warsaw Pact, would take part in an arms race war called the Cold War. The Western countries, including the United States, formed an alliance against communism called NATO. These countries were run by communist governments and had their own alliance called the Warsaw Pact. The Eastern Bloc was led and controlled by the Soviet Union (Russia). There were 51 original member nations including 5 permanent Security Council members: China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States.Įurope became divided into the Eastern Bloc of nations and the West. The United Nations was formed on October 24, 1945. ![]() The Allies formed the United Nations in order to try and prevent World War III from happening. German leaders under trial for war crimes Many of these leaders were executed for their crimes. These crimes included the Holocaust, slave labor, and the terrible treatment and torture of prisoners of war. They had violated the rules of war according to the Geneva Convention and had also committed crimes against humanity. The communists won and the nationalists fled to Taiwan.Īfter the war, many leaders from Japan and Germany were brought to trial. It was between the communists and the nationalists. In China, a civil war continued that had started prior to World War II. This never happened as Russia later refused and the country is still split to this day with North Korea controlled by communists. The plan was for Russia to control the North and the Allies the South until a free election could be held for the entire country. In Korea, the Allies and the USSR (Russia) divided up the country into North and South Korea. Japan would become an independent nation again in 1952. They maintained control as Japan recovered from the war. The United States offered Aid in the form of the Marshall Plan to help Europe recover. These included Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia.Įurope was in much need of financial aid due to all the roads, bridges, buildings and more that had been destroyed in the fighting. Please join us with author John Ibson discussing his new book The Mourning After: Loss and Longing among Midcentury American Men. The USSR also took control of many of the countries in Eastern Europe where they had fought the Germans. ![]() The Eastern part was controlled by the USSR (Russia) and the Western part by the Allies. However, Germany was divided up into Eastern and Western Germany. ![]() Many of the countries in the west returned to the same governments and borders they had prior to the war. Germany had occupied much of Europe during World War II. ![]()
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